{"id":6918,"date":"2025-12-11T15:04:07","date_gmt":"2025-12-11T07:04:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sunhyings.com\/?page_id=6918"},"modified":"2026-03-12T15:07:04","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T07:07:04","slug":"material-grades","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sunhyings.com\/de\/resources\/material-grades\/","title":{"rendered":"Materialklassen-Leitfaden"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"6918\" class=\"elementor elementor-6918\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5465741 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5465741\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c05985 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"8c05985\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"sunhy-flange-grades\" id=\"flange-material-grades-guide\">\r\n  <style>\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades{\r\n      --fg-navy:#0b1b34;\r\n      --fg-navy-soft:#12233f;\r\n      --fg-yellow:#ffc107;\r\n      --fg-yellow-deep:#f2b700;\r\n      --fg-text:#0f172a;\r\n      --fg-sub:#64748b;\r\n      --fg-line:#e2e8f0;\r\n      --fg-bg:#f8fafc;\r\n      --fg-card:#ffffff;\r\n      --fg-radius:16px;\r\n      --fg-shadow:0 10px 30px rgba(15,23,42,.06);\r\n\r\n      font-family:\"Segoe UI\",Roboto,Arial,sans-serif;\r\n      color:var(--fg-text);\r\n      background:#fff;\r\n      padding:40px 20px 64px;\r\n      box-sizing:border-box;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades *{\r\n      box-sizing:border-box;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-wrap{\r\n      max-width:1200px;\r\n      margin:0 auto;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* HERO *\/\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-hero{\r\n      border:1px solid var(--fg-line);\r\n      border-radius:var(--fg-radius);\r\n      padding:28px 28px 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flex-direction:column;\r\n      box-shadow:0 8px 22px rgba(15,23,42,0.04);\r\n      transition:transform .16s ease, box-shadow .16s ease, border-color .16s ease;\r\n      height:100%;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-family-card:hover{\r\n      transform:translateY(-2px);\r\n      box-shadow:0 14px 28px rgba(15,23,42,0.08);\r\n      border-color:#d6deea;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-family-img{\r\n      width:100%;\r\n      height:160px;\r\n      object-fit:cover;\r\n      background:#e5e7eb;\r\n      display:block;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-family-body{\r\n      padding:16px 16px 16px;\r\n      display:flex;\r\n      flex-direction:column;\r\n      flex:1;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-family-title{\r\n      margin:0 0 6px;\r\n      font-size:17px;\r\n      line-height:1.35;\r\n      font-weight:700;\r\n      color:var(--fg-navy);\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-family-text{\r\n      margin:0 0 12px;\r\n      color:var(--fg-sub);\r\n      font-size:14px;\r\n      line-height:1.6;\r\n      flex:1;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-chip-row{\r\n      display:flex;\r\n      flex-wrap:wrap;\r\n      gap:6px;\r\n      margin-bottom:12px;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-chip{\r\n      font-size:11px;\r\n      padding:5px 8px;\r\n      border-radius:999px;\r\n      background:#f1f5f9;\r\n      border:1px solid var(--fg-line);\r\n      color:#334155;\r\n      line-height:1.2;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-family-link{\r\n      font-size:13px;\r\n      font-weight:700;\r\n      text-decoration:none;\r\n      color:#0f172a;\r\n      display:inline-block;\r\n      margin-top:auto;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-family-link:hover{\r\n      color:var(--fg-navy);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* NOTES *\/\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-note{\r\n      margin-top:10px;\r\n      background:#fffbeb;\r\n      border:1px solid #facc15;\r\n      padding:13px 14px;\r\n      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.fg-chem-item{\r\n      display:inline-block;\r\n      margin-right:8px;\r\n      margin-bottom:4px;\r\n      white-space:nowrap;\r\n      font-size:12.5px;\r\n      color:var(--fg-sub);\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-chem-item b{\r\n      color:var(--fg-navy-soft);\r\n      font-weight:700;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* LIST *\/\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-ul{\r\n      margin:10px 0 0;\r\n      padding-left:18px;\r\n      color:var(--fg-sub);\r\n      font-size:14px;\r\n      line-height:1.7;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-ul li{\r\n      margin-bottom:8px;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-ul strong{\r\n      color:var(--fg-navy);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* FAQ *\/\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-faq{\r\n      display:grid;\r\n      gap:12px;\r\n      margin-top:16px;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-faq details{\r\n      border:1px solid var(--fg-line);\r\n      border-radius:14px;\r\n      background:#fff;\r\n      padding:0;\r\n      overflow:hidden;\r\n      box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(15,23,42,0.03);\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-faq summary{\r\n      list-style:none;\r\n      cursor:pointer;\r\n      padding:16px 18px;\r\n      font-weight:700;\r\n      color:var(--fg-navy);\r\n      position:relative;\r\n      padding-right:48px;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-faq summary::-webkit-details-marker{\r\n      display:none;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-faq summary:after{\r\n      content:\"+\";\r\n      position:absolute;\r\n      right:18px;\r\n      top:50%;\r\n      transform:translateY(-50%);\r\n      font-size:22px;\r\n      line-height:1;\r\n      color:var(--fg-yellow-deep);\r\n      font-weight:700;\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-faq details[open] summary:after{\r\n      content:\"\u2212\";\r\n    }\r\n    .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-faq-content{\r\n      padding:0 18px 18px;\r\n      color:var(--fg-sub);\r\n      font-size:14px;\r\n      line-height:1.7;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @media (max-width:768px){\r\n      .sunhy-flange-grades{\r\n        padding:28px 14px 48px;\r\n      }\r\n      .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-hero{\r\n        padding:22px 18px 20px;\r\n      }\r\n      .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-hero h1{\r\n        font-size:28px;\r\n      }\r\n      .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-section h2{\r\n        font-size:22px;\r\n      }\r\n      .sunhy-flange-grades .fg-family-img{\r\n        height:150px;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n  <\/style>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"fg-wrap\">\r\n\r\n    <!-- HERO -->\r\n    <header class=\"fg-hero\">\r\n      <h1>Flange Material Grades Guide<\/h1>\r\n      <p>\r\n        This guide brings together the common forging grades used for carbon steel,\r\n        stainless steel, duplex and alloy steel flanges. It is written for\r\n        maintenance engineers, project teams and buyers who need a quick way to\r\n        compare minimum mechanical properties, chemistry ranges and typical service\r\n        conditions before selecting a flange material.\r\n      <\/p>\r\n\r\n      <div class=\"fg-badges\">\r\n        <span class=\"fg-badge\">Forged flanges<\/span>\r\n        <span class=\"fg-badge\">ASME & ASTM grades<\/span>\r\n        <span class=\"fg-badge\">Carbon \/ Stainless \/ Duplex \/ Alloy<\/span>\r\n        <span class=\"fg-badge\">Quick engineering reference<\/span>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <div class=\"fg-cta-row\">\r\n        <a class=\"fg-btn fg-btn-primary\" href=\"#\">\r\n          Download Flange Material Datasheet (PDF)\r\n        <\/a>\r\n        <a class=\"fg-btn fg-btn-ghost\" href=\"\/contact-us\/\">\r\n          Ask our team about a specific grade\r\n        <\/a>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/header>\r\n\r\n    <!-- QUICK NAV -->\r\n    <nav class=\"fg-quicknav\" aria-label=\"Quick navigation\">\r\n      <a href=\"#fg-family-overview\">Material families<\/a>\r\n      <a href=\"#fg-mechanical-reference\">Mechanical reference<\/a>\r\n      <a href=\"#fg-chemistry-properties\">Chemistry & properties<\/a>\r\n      <a href=\"#fg-selection-notes\">Selection notes<\/a>\r\n      <a href=\"#fg-faq\">FAQ<\/a>\r\n    <\/nav>\r\n\r\n    <!-- FAMILY OVERVIEW -->\r\n    <section class=\"fg-section\" id=\"fg-family-overview\">\r\n      <h2>Flange Material Families Overview<\/h2>\r\n      <p class=\"fg-lead\">\r\n        Most project specifications start by defining a material family. From there,\r\n        you choose the exact ASTM \/ ASME grade based on pressure-temperature\r\n        requirements, corrosion risk, operating environment and toughness targets.\r\n        The cards below summarise how the main forging families are normally used\r\n        in flange production.\r\n      <\/p>\r\n\r\n      <div class=\"fg-families\">\r\n\r\n        <!-- Carbon Steel -->\r\n        <article class=\"fg-family-card\">\r\n          <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"fg-family-img\"\r\n               src=\"#\"\r\n               alt=\"Carbon steel A105 forged flanges for general piping service\">\r\n          <div class=\"fg-family-body\">\r\n            <h3 class=\"fg-family-title\">Carbon Steel<\/h3>\r\n            <p class=\"fg-family-text\">\r\n              ASTM A105 is the standard forging grade for general-purpose carbon\r\n              steel flanges used in ambient-temperature pressure piping, utility\r\n              service and many conventional industrial applications.\r\n            <\/p>\r\n            <div class=\"fg-chip-row\">\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">ASTM A105<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">General service<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">Cost-effective<\/span>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <a class=\"fg-family-link\" href=\"\/stainless-steel-flange\/standards\/asme-b16-5\/\">\r\n              See flange pressure classes \u2192\r\n            <\/a>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/article>\r\n\r\n        <!-- LTCS -->\r\n        <article class=\"fg-family-card\">\r\n          <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"fg-family-img\"\r\n               src=\"#\"\r\n               alt=\"Low-temperature carbon steel A350 LF2 forged flanges\">\r\n          <div class=\"fg-family-body\">\r\n            <h3 class=\"fg-family-title\">Low-Temperature Carbon Steel<\/h3>\r\n            <p class=\"fg-family-text\">\r\n              ASTM A350 LF2 is selected where low-temperature toughness matters.\r\n              It is commonly specified for colder operating conditions and projects\r\n              requiring impact-tested forged flanges.\r\n            <\/p>\r\n            <div class=\"fg-chip-row\">\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">ASTM A350 LF2<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">Impact tested<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">Low-temp duty<\/span>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <a class=\"fg-family-link\" href=\"#\">\r\n              View low-temperature options \u2192\r\n            <\/a>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/article>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Austenitic -->\r\n        <article class=\"fg-family-card\">\r\n          <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"fg-family-img\"\r\n               src=\"#\"\r\n               alt=\"Austenitic stainless steel 304 and 316 forged flanges\">\r\n          <div class=\"fg-family-body\">\r\n            <h3 class=\"fg-family-title\">Austenitic Stainless Steel<\/h3>\r\n            <p class=\"fg-family-text\">\r\n              ASTM A182 F304 \/ F304L and F316 \/ F316L are the standard forged grades\r\n              for corrosion-resistant service in process plants, water systems,\r\n              food handling and general industrial duty.\r\n            <\/p>\r\n            <div class=\"fg-chip-row\">\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">A182 F304 \/ F304L<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">A182 F316 \/ F316L<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">General corrosion resistance<\/span>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <a class=\"fg-family-link\" href=\"\/materials\/stainless-steel-304-316\/\">\r\n              View stainless steel material details \u2192\r\n            <\/a>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/article>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Duplex -->\r\n        <article class=\"fg-family-card\">\r\n          <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"fg-family-img\"\r\n               src=\"#\"\r\n               alt=\"Duplex and super duplex stainless steel forged flanges\">\r\n          <div class=\"fg-family-body\">\r\n            <h3 class=\"fg-family-title\">Duplex & Super Duplex Stainless Steel<\/h3>\r\n            <p class=\"fg-family-text\">\r\n              Duplex grades combine high strength with improved chloride resistance.\r\n              A182 F51 is widely used for offshore and seawater-related service,\r\n              while F53 \/ F55 cover more aggressive conditions.\r\n            <\/p>\r\n            <div class=\"fg-chip-row\">\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">A182 F51<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">A182 F53 \/ F55<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">Offshore & seawater<\/span>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <a class=\"fg-family-link\" href=\"\/materials\/duplex-steel-2205\/\">\r\n              View duplex 2205 material guide \u2192\r\n            <\/a>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/article>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Cr-Mo -->\r\n        <article class=\"fg-family-card\">\r\n          <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"fg-family-img\"\r\n               src=\"#\"\r\n               alt=\"Chrome moly forged flanges for high temperature service\">\r\n          <div class=\"fg-family-body\">\r\n            <h3 class=\"fg-family-title\">Cr-Mo Alloy Steel<\/h3>\r\n            <p class=\"fg-family-text\">\r\n              Chrome-moly forging grades such as A182 F11 and F22 are used for\r\n              elevated-temperature and higher-pressure duty in power generation,\r\n              refining and hot hydrocarbon service.\r\n            <\/p>\r\n            <div class=\"fg-chip-row\">\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">A182 F11<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">A182 F22<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">Power & refining<\/span>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <a class=\"fg-family-link\" href=\"\/stainless-steel-flange\/standards\/asme-b16-47\/\">\r\n              See large diameter flange standard \u2192\r\n            <\/a>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/article>\r\n\r\n        <!-- Nickel & Specials -->\r\n        <article class=\"fg-family-card\">\r\n          <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"fg-family-img\"\r\n               src=\"#\"\r\n               alt=\"Nickel alloy and specialty forged flanges for corrosive service\">\r\n          <div class=\"fg-family-body\">\r\n            <h3 class=\"fg-family-title\">Nickel Alloys & Specialty Grades<\/h3>\r\n            <p class=\"fg-family-text\">\r\n              For strong acids, sour service, high temperature or demanding project\r\n              specifications, nickel alloys and specialty forged materials can be\r\n              supplied with project-specific test and documentation requirements.\r\n            <\/p>\r\n            <div class=\"fg-chip-row\">\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">Inconel \/ Hastelloy<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">Super austenitic<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"fg-chip\">Project-specific supply<\/span>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <a class=\"fg-family-link\" href=\"\/materials\/nickel-alloys-flanges\/\">\r\n              See nickel alloy flange range \u2192\r\n            <\/a>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/article>\r\n\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/section>\r\n\r\n    <!-- MECHANICAL TABLE -->\r\n    <section class=\"fg-section\" id=\"fg-mechanical-reference\">\r\n      <h2>Key Flange Forging Grades \u2013 Mechanical Reference<\/h2>\r\n      <p class=\"fg-lead\">\r\n        Values in the table are typical minimum room-temperature mechanical\r\n        requirements taken from ASTM \/ ASME product specifications and commonly\r\n        published manufacturer datasheets. Project specifications may call for\r\n        additional testing, supplementary requirements or tighter limits.\r\n      <\/p>\r\n\r\n      <div class=\"fg-note\">\r\n        <strong>How to use this data:<\/strong>\r\n        tensile and yield strengths are shown as minimum values. Use them for\r\n        comparison and early material screening only. For design calculations,\r\n        always refer to the applicable code, the approved project specification\r\n        and the certified mill test certificate supplied with the flanges.\r\n      <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <div class=\"fg-table-wrap\">\r\n        <div class=\"fg-table-head\">\r\n          Common forging grades used for Sunhyings flange production\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"fg-table-scroll\">\r\n          <table class=\"fg-table\">\r\n            <thead>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <th>Grade<\/th>\r\n                <th>Material Family<\/th>\r\n                <th>UNS No.<\/th>\r\n                <th>Typical Forging Spec<\/th>\r\n                <th>Min. Tensile Strength<\/th>\r\n                <th>Min. Yield Strength<\/th>\r\n                <th>Typical Service<\/th>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n            <\/thead>\r\n            <tbody>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A105<\/td>\r\n                <td>Carbon steel<\/td>\r\n                <td>K03504<\/td>\r\n                <td>ASTM A105 \/ ASME SA105<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 485&nbsp;MPa (70&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 250&nbsp;MPa (36&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>General-purpose forged flanges for ambient-temperature pressure piping.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A350 LF2<\/td>\r\n                <td>Low-temperature carbon steel<\/td>\r\n                <td>K03011<\/td>\r\n                <td>ASTM A350 \/ ASME SA350<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2248 485&nbsp;MPa (70&nbsp;ksi) min<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2248 250&nbsp;MPa (36&nbsp;ksi) min<\/td>\r\n                <td>Low-temperature lines and vessels with impact testing to about \u221246&nbsp;\u00b0C.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F304<\/td>\r\n                <td>Austenitic stainless steel<\/td>\r\n                <td>S30400<\/td>\r\n                <td>ASTM A182 \/ ASME SA182<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 515&nbsp;MPa (75&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 205&nbsp;MPa (30&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>Standard stainless flanges for water, food and mild chemical service.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F304L<\/td>\r\n                <td>Austenitic stainless steel (low C)<\/td>\r\n                <td>S30403<\/td>\r\n                <td>ASTM A182 \/ ASME SA182<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 485&nbsp;MPa (~70&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 170&nbsp;MPa (~25&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>Improved weldability where lower carbon content is specified.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F316<\/td>\r\n                <td>Austenitic stainless steel (Mo-bearing)<\/td>\r\n                <td>S31600<\/td>\r\n                <td>ASTM A182 \/ ASME SA182<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 515&nbsp;MPa (75&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 205&nbsp;MPa (30&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>Better pitting resistance in chloride-containing media than 304.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F316L<\/td>\r\n                <td>Austenitic stainless steel (Mo, low C)<\/td>\r\n                <td>S31603<\/td>\r\n                <td>ASTM A182 \/ ASME SA182<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2248 485&nbsp;MPa (~70&nbsp;ksi) min<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2248 170&nbsp;MPa (~25&nbsp;ksi) min<\/td>\r\n                <td>Critical welds, tanks and piping with stricter corrosion requirements.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F51<br><span class=\"fg-muted\">(Duplex 2205)<\/span><\/td>\r\n                <td>Duplex stainless steel<\/td>\r\n                <td>S31803 \/ S32205<\/td>\r\n                <td>ASTM A182 \/ ASME SA182 F51<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 620&nbsp;MPa (90&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 450&nbsp;MPa (65&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>High-strength flanges for seawater, offshore and chloride-rich service.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F53<br><span class=\"fg-muted\">(Super Duplex 2507)<\/span><\/td>\r\n                <td>Super duplex stainless steel<\/td>\r\n                <td>S32750<\/td>\r\n                <td>ASTM A182 \/ ASME SA182 F53<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2248 800&nbsp;MPa (\u2248 116&nbsp;ksi) min<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2248 550&nbsp;MPa (\u2248 80&nbsp;ksi) min<\/td>\r\n                <td>Very high PREN for aggressive seawater and offshore production systems.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F11<\/td>\r\n                <td>Cr-Mo alloy steel<\/td>\r\n                <td>K11597<\/td>\r\n                <td>ASTM A182 \/ ASME SA182 F11<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 415&nbsp;MPa (60&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 205&nbsp;MPa (30&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>High-temperature steam and hot hydrocarbon service.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F22<\/td>\r\n                <td>Cr-Mo alloy steel<\/td>\r\n                <td>K21590<\/td>\r\n                <td>ASTM A182 \/ ASME SA182 F22<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 415&nbsp;MPa (60&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>\u2265 205&nbsp;MPa (30&nbsp;ksi)<\/td>\r\n                <td>Higher chromium-moly content for thicker sections and severe service.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">Project-specific alloys<\/td>\r\n                <td>Nickel alloys \/ specials<\/td>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-muted\">On request<\/td>\r\n                <td>ASTM B564, others<\/td>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-muted\">Per grade<\/td>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-muted\">Per grade<\/td>\r\n                <td>Inconel, Hastelloy, super-austenitic and other specials can be produced to project specification with agreed test scope.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n            <\/tbody>\r\n          <\/table>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/section>\r\n\r\n    <!-- CHEMISTRY + PROPERTIES -->\r\n    <section class=\"fg-section\" id=\"fg-chemistry-properties\">\r\n      <h2>Key Flange Material Grades &amp; Properties<\/h2>\r\n      <p class=\"fg-lead\">\r\n        The table below compares the typical chemical composition ranges and minimum\r\n        mechanical requirements for common forged flange grades. It is a practical\r\n        reference for understanding why one material behaves differently from another\r\n        in service.\r\n      <\/p>\r\n\r\n      <div class=\"fg-note\">\r\n        <strong>Note:<\/strong>\r\n        the chemistry data are typical limits taken from ASTM material\r\n        specifications. \u201cL\u201d grades such as 304L and 316L use lower carbon\r\n        (\u2264 0.030&nbsp;%) to reduce sensitisation and intergranular corrosion after\r\n        welding. Always confirm exact ranges on the MTC for the supplied heat.\r\n      <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <div class=\"fg-table-wrap\">\r\n        <div class=\"fg-table-head\">\r\n          Reference data \u2013 chemistry &amp; minimum mechanical properties\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"fg-table-scroll\">\r\n          <table class=\"fg-table\">\r\n            <thead>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <th>Grade<\/th>\r\n                <th>UNS No.<\/th>\r\n                <th>Key Chemical Composition (%)<\/th>\r\n                <th>Min. Tensile<\/th>\r\n                <th>Min. Yield<\/th>\r\n                <th>Typical Service<\/th>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n            <\/thead>\r\n            <tbody>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A105<\/td>\r\n                <td>K03504<\/td>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-chem-cell\">\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>C:<\/b> \u22640.35<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Mn:<\/b> 0.60\u20131.05<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Si:<\/b> 0.10\u20130.35<\/span>\r\n                <\/td>\r\n                <td>70&nbsp;ksi (485&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>36&nbsp;ksi (250&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>Standard carbon steel for ambient pressure piping.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A350 LF2<br><span class=\"fg-muted\">Class 1<\/span><\/td>\r\n                <td>K03011<\/td>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-chem-cell\">\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>C:<\/b> \u22640.30<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Mn:<\/b> 0.60\u20131.35<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>P\/S:<\/b> \u22640.035 \/ 0.040<\/span>\r\n                <\/td>\r\n                <td>70&nbsp;ksi (485&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>36&nbsp;ksi (250&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>Low-temperature service (impact tested around \u221246&nbsp;\u00b0C).<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F304<\/td>\r\n                <td>S30400<\/td>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-chem-cell\">\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Cr:<\/b> 18.0\u201320.0<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Ni:<\/b> 8.0\u201311.0<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>C:<\/b> \u22640.08<\/span>\r\n                <\/td>\r\n                <td>75&nbsp;ksi (515&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>30&nbsp;ksi (205&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>Basic stainless for water, air and mild chemical duty.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F304L<\/td>\r\n                <td>S30403<\/td>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-chem-cell\">\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Cr:<\/b> 18.0\u201320.0<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Ni:<\/b> 8.0\u201313.0<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>C:<\/b> \u22640.030<\/span>\r\n                <\/td>\r\n                <td>70&nbsp;ksi (485&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>25&nbsp;ksi (170&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>Improved weldability vs F304; reduces weld-affected corrosion.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F316<\/td>\r\n                <td>S31600<\/td>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-chem-cell\">\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Cr:<\/b> 16.0\u201318.0<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Ni:<\/b> 10.0\u201314.0<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Mo:<\/b> 2.0\u20133.0<\/span>\r\n                <\/td>\r\n                <td>75&nbsp;ksi (515&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>30&nbsp;ksi (205&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>Higher resistance to chlorides \/ pitting thanks to Mo.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F316L<\/td>\r\n                <td>S31603<\/td>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-chem-cell\">\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Cr:<\/b> 16.0\u201318.0<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Ni:<\/b> 10.0\u201314.0<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Mo:<\/b> 2.0\u20133.0<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>C:<\/b> \u22640.030<\/span>\r\n                <\/td>\r\n                <td>70&nbsp;ksi (485&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>25&nbsp;ksi (170&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>Preferred for corrosive systems where welding is unavoidable.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">A182 F51 \/ F60<br><span class=\"fg-muted\">(Duplex 2205)<\/span><\/td>\r\n                <td>S32205<\/td>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-chem-cell\">\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Cr:<\/b> 22.0\u201323.0<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Ni:<\/b> 4.5\u20136.5<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Mo:<\/b> 3.0\u20133.5<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>N:<\/b> 0.14\u20130.20<\/span>\r\n                <\/td>\r\n                <td>95&nbsp;ksi (655&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>65&nbsp;ksi (450&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>High strength with excellent chloride stress-corrosion resistance.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">A182 F53<br><span class=\"fg-muted\">(Super Duplex 2507)<\/span><\/td>\r\n                <td>S32750<\/td>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-chem-cell\">\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Cr:<\/b> 24.0\u201326.0<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Ni:<\/b> 6.0\u20138.0<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Mo:<\/b> 3.0\u20135.0<\/span>\r\n                <\/td>\r\n                <td>116&nbsp;ksi (800&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>80&nbsp;ksi (550&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>Very aggressive seawater and offshore production systems.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n              <tr>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-grade\">ASTM A182 F11<br><span class=\"fg-muted\">Class 2<\/span><\/td>\r\n                <td>K11597<\/td>\r\n                <td class=\"fg-chem-cell\">\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Cr:<\/b> 1.0\u20131.5<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>Mo:<\/b> 0.44\u20130.65<\/span>\r\n                  <span class=\"fg-chem-item\"><b>C:<\/b> 0.10\u20130.20<\/span>\r\n                <\/td>\r\n                <td>70&nbsp;ksi (485&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>40&nbsp;ksi (275&nbsp;MPa)<\/td>\r\n                <td>High-temperature service such as boilers and steam lines.<\/td>\r\n              <\/tr>\r\n            <\/tbody>\r\n          <\/table>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/section>\r\n\r\n    <!-- SELECTION GUIDANCE -->\r\n    <section class=\"fg-section\" id=\"fg-selection-notes\">\r\n      <h2>Practical Notes on Selecting a Flange Material<\/h2>\r\n      <ul class=\"fg-ul\">\r\n        <li><strong>Start from the design code and line class.<\/strong> Confirm pressure class, design temperature, corrosion allowance and any client-specific supplementary requirements before selecting a grade.<\/li>\r\n        <li><strong>Check toughness requirements early.<\/strong> Where low-temperature impact tests are specified, grades such as A350 LF2 are normally used instead of standard A105 forgings.<\/li>\r\n        <li><strong>Match corrosion resistance to the actual media.<\/strong> For chloride-bearing systems, 316L may be the entry point, while duplex or super duplex grades are selected where pitting or stress-corrosion cracking becomes a concern.<\/li>\r\n        <li><strong>Coordinate flange, pipe and fittings.<\/strong> Material selection should align with the connected piping system, especially in Cr-Mo and duplex service where mismatched materials can complicate fabrication and QA review.<\/li>\r\n        <li><strong>Use certified documentation for final approval.<\/strong> Before shipment, EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certificates, heat numbers, chemistry, mechanical tests and agreed NDE records should be reviewed by the QA team.<\/li>\r\n      <\/ul>\r\n    <\/section>\r\n\r\n    <!-- FAQ -->\r\n    <section class=\"fg-section\" id=\"fg-faq\">\r\n      <h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\r\n      <p class=\"fg-lead\">\r\n        These quick answers help buyers and engineers narrow down the right flange\r\n        forging grade before issuing an enquiry or finalising a line class.\r\n      <\/p>\r\n\r\n      <div class=\"fg-faq\">\r\n        <details>\r\n          <summary>What is the difference between ASTM A105 and ASTM A350 LF2 flanges?<\/summary>\r\n          <div class=\"fg-faq-content\">\r\n            ASTM A105 is the standard forged carbon steel grade for general ambient-temperature\r\n            service, while ASTM A350 LF2 is intended for lower-temperature applications where\r\n            impact toughness is required.\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/details>\r\n\r\n        <details>\r\n          <summary>When should I choose 316L instead of 304 or 304L?<\/summary>\r\n          <div class=\"fg-faq-content\">\r\n            316L is usually preferred when the service contains chlorides or when better pitting\r\n            resistance is needed. Its molybdenum addition improves corrosion performance compared\r\n            with 304 \/ 304L in many wet process environments.\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/details>\r\n\r\n        <details>\r\n          <summary>Why are duplex flange grades popular in offshore and seawater service?<\/summary>\r\n          <div class=\"fg-faq-content\">\r\n            Duplex grades combine higher strength with improved resistance to chloride-related\r\n            corrosion mechanisms, making them a common choice for offshore systems, seawater\r\n            handling and other aggressive process conditions.\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/details>\r\n\r\n        <details>\r\n          <summary>Can specialty flange materials be manufactured to project requirements?<\/summary>\r\n          <div class=\"fg-faq-content\">\r\n            Yes. Nickel alloys, super austenitic grades and other special forgings are commonly\r\n            supplied to project specification with agreed testing, documentation and inspection scope.\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/details>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/section>\r\n\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/section>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Flange Material Grades Guide This guide brings together the common forging grades used for carbon steel, stainless steel, duplex and alloy steel flanges. It is written for maintenance engineers, project teams and buyers who need a quick way to compare minimum mechanical properties, chemistry ranges and typical service conditions before selecting a flange material. Forged [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":6916,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6918","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sunhyings.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6918","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sunhyings.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sunhyings.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sunhyings.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sunhyings.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6918"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/sunhyings.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6918\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13025,"href":"https:\/\/sunhyings.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6918\/revisions\/13025"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sunhyings.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6916"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sunhyings.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6918"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}